Sharon has 21+ years of experience as a qualified Emergency Care Nurse registered with the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (APHRA) and 12+ years as a First Aid Trainer.
She takes pride in FirstAidPro making first aid training available, comprehensive and affordable to everybody.
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When you’re faced with heavy bleeding, knowing how to respond quickly can mean the difference between life and death.
While calling for emergency help should always be your first step, there are three effective methods you can use to manage severe blood loss in the critical moments before professional assistance arrives.
But what are these methods, and how do you implement them properly?
Let’s explore these life-saving strategies that everyone should be familiar with in case of an emergency.
Key Takeaways
• Apply firm, direct pressure on the wound using a clean cloth or sterile gauze for at least 15 minutes.
• Elevate the injured area above heart level to reduce blood flow using gravity.
• Use haemostatic agents to accelerate blood clotting when traditional methods are insufficient.
• Add layers on top of soaked dressings without removing the original to maintain pressure.
• Seek immediate medical attention if bleeding persists or involves the neck, chest, or abdomen.
Direct Pressure
The primary and most effective method for controlling heavy bleeding is to apply firm, direct pressure to the wound site using a clean cloth or sterile gauze. This technique is essential in managing arterial bleeding, where blood loss can be rapid and life-threatening.
When applying direct pressure, you should use the palm of your hand or your fingers, depending on the size of the wound. Maintain steady, uninterrupted pressure for at least 15 minutes without lifting the cloth or gauze to check the wound.
If blood soaks through the initial layer, add more layers on top without removing the original dressing. This prevents disrupting any clots that may have begun to form. For severe bleeding, you may need to apply pressure with both hands.
In cases of extremity wounds, elevating the affected limb above the heart while maintaining direct pressure can help reduce blood flow to the area. Remember, direct pressure techniques are most effective when applied immediately and consistently.
If bleeding persists despite these efforts, or if you’re dealing with a wound on the neck, chest, or abdomen, seek emergency medical attention promptly.
Elevate the Injured Area
Elevating an injured limb above heart level serves as a complementary technique to direct pressure for managing heavy bleeding. This method relies on gravity to reduce blood flow to the affected area, potentially slowing the rate of blood loss.
When you’re dealing with heavy bleeding from an extremity, it’s essential to implement proper elevation techniques alongside other first aid measures.
To effectively elevate the injured area, position the limb higher than the heart while maintaining direct pressure on the wound. For leg injuries, lie the patient flat and prop their legs up on pillows or a chair. For arm injuries, have the patient sit upright and raise their arm above their head, supporting it with pillows if necessary.
Maintain this elevated position throughout the injury recovery process, even after bleeding appears to have stopped.
Remember that elevation is most effective when combined with direct pressure and shouldn’t be used as a standalone treatment for heavy bleeding. Always seek immediate medical attention for severe injuries, and continue elevation during transport to medical facilities if possible.
Apply Hemostatic Agents
Hemostatic agents offer a powerful tool for managing heavy bleeding when traditional methods prove insufficient. These specialised substances accelerate blood clotting and can be particularly effective in situations where direct pressure alone isn’t enough to stem the flow. You’ll find hemostatic agents available in various forms, including powders, granules, and impregnated dressings.
To apply a hemostatic agent, first, clean the wound area as best as possible. Then, pour or pack the agent directly into the wound, ensuring it makes contact with the bleeding source. Apply firm pressure over the area for at least three to five minutes to allow the clotting process to begin. Once bleeding is controlled, cover the wound with a sterile dressing.
It’s essential to note that hemostatic agents aren’t a substitute for professional medical care. They’re designed as a temporary measure to control bleeding until you can receive proper medical attention. Always follow the manufacturer’s instructions and be aware of potential side effects, such as allergic reactions or thermal burns from certain chemical reactions.
In emergency situations, hemostatic dressings can be life-saving, but they should be used judiciously and in conjunction with other first aid techniques.
Frequently Asked Questions
How Long Should I Maintain Pressure on a Heavily Bleeding Wound?
You should maintain firm pressure on a heavily bleeding wound for at least 15 minutes without lifting. This pressure technique is essential in wound care. If bleeding persists, continue applying pressure and seek immediate medical attention.
Can I Use Everyday Household Items to Control Severe Bleeding?
You can use household items for first aid in severe bleeding. Apply direct pressure with clean cloths or towels. Elevate the wound if possible. Use household remedies like ice packs to reduce blood flow. Seek immediate medical attention.
How Can I Prevent Infection While Managing a Heavily Bleeding Wound?
Clean the area with sterile saline, apply an antiseptic solution, and cover with sterile dressings. Change dressings regularly and monitor for signs of infection.
