Sharon has 21+ years of experience as a qualified Emergency Care Nurse registered with the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (APHRA) and 12+ years as a First Aid Trainer.
She takes pride in FirstAidPro making first aid training available, comprehensive and affordable to everybody.
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When it comes to life-saving techniques, you’ve probably heard of CPR and rescue breathing. But do you know the key differences between these two vital interventions?
Understanding when and how to apply each method can make the difference between life and death in an emergency situation. While both aim to assist someone in distress, they serve distinct purposes and require different approaches.
By familiarising yourself with the three main distinctions between CPR and rescue breathing, you’ll be better prepared to respond effectively when every second counts.Let’s explore these essential differences and enhance your ability to save lives.
Key Takeaways
CPR includes chest compressions and rescue breaths, while rescue breathing only involves providing breaths.
CPR is used for victims without breathing and a pulse, whereas rescue breathing is for those with a pulse but not breathing.
CPR alternates 30 chest compressions with 2 rescue breaths, while rescue breathing provides continuous breaths at regular intervals.
CPR is more effective for cardiac arrest scenarios, while rescue breathing is crucial for respiratory arrest situations.
CPR requires positioning hands on the chest centre, while rescue breathing focuses on proper head tilt and chin lift.
Purpose and Application
While both techniques aim to save lives, CPR and rescue breathing serve distinct purposes in emergency situations. You’ll need to understand their specific indications for use to respond effectively in a crisis.
CPR, or cardiopulmonary resuscitation, is used when you encounter a person who’s unconscious, not breathing, and has no pulse. It’s a combination of chest compressions and rescue breaths designed to maintain blood flow to essential organs. You’ll perform CPR on adults, children, and infants who’ve experienced cardiac arrest due to various causes, such as heart attacks or drowning.
In contrast, rescue breathing is appropriate when the person is unconscious and not breathing, but still has a pulse. You’ll use this technique for victims of respiratory arrest, which can occur due to choking, drug overdose, or certain medical conditions.
When comparing effectiveness, CPR has shown better outcomes in cardiac arrest situations. It’s important in buying time until professional help arrives.
Rescue breathing, while less commonly needed, can be lifesaving in specific scenarios where oxygenation is the primary concern. Always assess the situation carefully to determine which technique is appropriate.
Technique and Procedure
Both CPR and rescue breathing involve distinct techniques and procedures that you must carry out correctly for maximum effectiveness.
For CPR, you’ll use a compression technique on the chest. Place the heel of one hand on the centre of the victim’s chest, with your other hand on top. Lock your elbows and use your body weight to compress the chest about 5 centimetres deep at a rate of 100-120 compressions per minute.
In contrast, rescue breathing focuses on breath delivery. Tilt the victim’s head back, lift their chin, and pinch their nose. Give two initial rescue breaths, each lasting about one second, watching for chest rise. If the chest doesn’t rise, reposition the head and try again.
For CPR, you’ll alternate 30 chest compressions with two rescue breaths. In rescue breathing alone, deliver a breath every 5-6 seconds for adults. For children, it’s every 3-5 seconds. Always verify a clear airway before delivering breaths.
Frequency and Duration
CPR and rescue breathing differ considerably in their required frequency and duration of application.
When performing CPR, you’ll alternate between chest compressions and rescue breaths. For adult CPR, you should aim for 30 chest compressions followed by two rescue breaths. This cycle is repeated continuously until emergency services arrive or the person shows signs of life.
In contrast, rescue breathing alone has a different rhythm. For adults, you’ll provide one breath every 5-6 seconds, which equates to about 10-12 breaths per minute. For children, the frequency increases to one breath every 3-5 seconds. These breathing cycles continue until the person begins breathing on their own or professional help arrives.
The duration of CPR or rescue breathing can vary greatly depending on the situation. You might need to continue for several minutes or even longer in some cases.
It’s essential to maintain the correct frequency throughout the process, as consistent rescue intervals are key to maintaining oxygenation. Remember, the goal is to keep oxygen flowing to critical organs until advanced medical care is available. Always be prepared to continue these life-saving measures for an extended period if necessary.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can CPR or Rescue Breathing Be Performed on Pregnant Women?
Adjust foetal positioning by tilting her slightly to the left. Modify compression techniques by placing hands slightly higher on the chest. Always prioritise the mother’s survival.
Is It Safe to Perform CPR or Rescue Breathing on Infants?
Yes. However, you must adapt your technique to account for infant anatomy. Use gentler compressions and cover both mouth and nose during rescue breaths.
Are There Legal Implications for Performing CPR or Rescue Breathing Incorrectly?
You’re protected by Good Samaritan laws when performing CPR or rescue breathing. However, liability concerns exist if you’re grossly negligent or act recklessly. Always follow proper techniques.
Can CPR or Rescue Breathing Transmit Infectious Diseases to the Rescuer?
Yes. To minimise the risk of disease transmission, use protective barriers like face shields or pocket masks. Follow proper infection control procedures and consider hands-only CPR when possible.
